(Don’t have a USB 3 external GPU for testing/troubleshooting? See this Newegg search for some good potential USB 3-based candidates, many of which are available in the $60 to $100 range for HDMI, DisplayPort, and DVI displays.)
4. Replace the graphics hardware. It’s up to you (and prevailing service contract arrangements) whether this is a DIY exercise or if it involves turning the PC over to a repair shop or a designated, official repair outlet for an OEM or maker. But some way, somehow the graphics hardware must be replaced. For some laptops, especially older ones, this may mean that outright device replacement, rather than repair, is the best option.
Nobody wants to see a black screen on Windows
If you (or one of your users) does encounter this particular phenomenon, you should now have a pretty good idea of how to address it. In most cases, reloading the graphics driver or restarting the PC will do the trick. In other cases, there’s no choice except to work through the standard troubleshooting sequence as outlined above.
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