Jain said chip restrictions and measures against illicit model distillation would mainly affect model developers and infrastructure providers, rather than enterprises using models already on the market. Mandatory safety testing, however, could raise development costs and reduce the number of advanced open-weight models available.
“Testing is expensive and time-consuming, and so, giant, well-funded companies like Anthropic, Google and OpenAI can afford it,” Jain said. Smaller developers seeking to release cutting-edge open-weight models could struggle to meet the same requirements, he added.
The additional testing and screening could also restrict the number of open-weight models available to enterprises, according to Su. He said the requirements could weaken some of their principal benefits, including lower costs, reduced vendor dependence and community-led development.
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